Economic liberalization in India was shaped largely by the economic problems of the government than by the economic priorities of the people or by the long-term development objectives. Thus, there were limitations in conception and design which have been subsequently validated by experience. Jobless growth, persistent poverty and rising inequality have mounted as problems since economic liberalization began. And all these years later, four quiet crises confront the economy: agriculture infrastructure, industrialization and education as constraints on the country’s future prospects. These problems must be resolved if economic growth has to be sustained and transformed into meaningful development. Which of the following is/are the most rational and logical Inference/ Inferences that can be made from the passage? It is essential to rethink and redefine the economic role of the state in the quest for development. India has not made effective implementation of its policies in social sectors nor made sufficient investments in them.
1 only
2 only
Both 1 and 2
Neither 1 nor 2
The theme is "Economic Liberalization in India," and there are two questions to be addressed. Statement 1 suggests the need to reconsider the economic role of the State in the pursuit of development. The passage indicates that the Indian liberalization process stemmed from the government's economic challenges rather than the people's issues, leading to various design flaws. These flaws are now evident in the shortcomings across multiple sectors. Therefore, it seems rational to infer that rethinking and redefining the State's economic role are necessary for proper development. Hence, the answer could be (a) or (c). Statement 2 discusses the implementation of policies and insufficient investments. However, the passage primarily focuses on the conception and design of policies rather than their implementation. Additionally, the term "social sectors" is not explicitly defined in the passage. Therefore, it is difficult to infer statement 2 from the passage. Thus, the final answer is (a).
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